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Compare Holy See (Vatican City) (2001) - Christmas Island (2002)

Compare Holy See (Vatican City) (2001) z Christmas Island (2002)

 Holy See (Vatican City) (2001)Christmas Island (2002)
 Holy See (Vatican City)Christmas Island
Administrative divisions - none (territory of Australia)
Age structure - 0-14 years: NA%


15-64 years: NA%


65 years and over: NA%
Agriculture - products - NA
Airports none 1 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
Area total:
0.44 sq km

land:
0.44 sq km

water:
0 sq km		 total: 135 sq km


land: 135 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative about 0.7 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC
Background Popes in their secular role ruled much of the Italian peninsula for more than a thousand years until the mid 19th century, when many of the Papal States were seized by the newly united Kingdom of Italy. In 1870, the pope's holdings were further circumscribed when Rome itself was annexed. Disputes between a series of "prisoner" popes and Italy were resolved in 1929 by three Lateran Treaties, which established the independent state of Vatican City and granted Roman Catholicism special status in Italy. In 1984, a concordat between the Vatican and Italy modified certain of the earlier treaty provisions, including the primacy of Roman Catholicism as the Italian state religion. Present concerns of the Holy See include the failing health of Pope John Paul II, interreligious dialogue and reconciliation, and the adjustment of church doctrine in an era of rapid change and globalization. About 1 billion people worldwide profess the Catholic faith. Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement was begun by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. Almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park.
Birth rate - NA births/1,000 population
Budget revenues:
$209.6 million

expenditures:
$198.5 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997)		 revenues: $NA


expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA
Capital Vatican City The Settlement
Climate temperate; mild, rainy winters (September to mid-May) with hot, dry summers (May to September) tropical; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds
Coastline 0 km (landlocked) 80 km
Constitution Apostolic Constitution of 1967 (effective 1 March 1968) NA
Country name conventional long form:
The Holy See (State of the Vatican City)

conventional short form:
Holy See (Vatican City)

local long form:
Santa Sede (Stato della Citta del Vaticano)

local short form:
Santa Sede (Citta del Vaticano)		 conventional long form: Territory of Christmas Island


conventional short form: Christmas Island
Currency Italian lira (ITL); euro (EUR) Australian dollar (AUD)
Death rate - NA deaths/1,000 population
Debt - external - $NA
Dependency status - territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador (vacant)

embassy:
Villa Domiziana, Via delle Terme Deciane 26, 00162 Rome

mailing address:
PSC 59, Box F, APO AE 09624

telephone:
[39] (06) 4674-3428

FAX:
[39] (06) 5758346		 none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Apostolic Nuncio Archbishop Gabriele MONTALVO

chancery:
3339 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 333-7121		 none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient none $NA
Economy - overview This unique, noncommercial economy is supported financially by contributions (known as Peter's Pence) from Roman Catholics throughout the world, the sale of postage stamps and tourist mementos, fees for admission to museums, and the sale of publications. The incomes and living standards of lay workers are comparable to, or somewhat better than, those of counterparts who work in the city of Rome. Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened. With the support of the government, a $34 million casino opened in 1993. The casino closed in 1998. The Australian Government in 2001 agreed to support the creation of a commercial space-launching site on the island, slated to begin operation in 2003.
Electricity - consumption NA kWh NA kWh
Electricity - imports NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by Italy -
Electricity - production - NA kWh
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
NA%

hydro:
NA%

nuclear:
NA%

other:
NA%		 fossil fuel: NA%


hydro: NA%


nuclear: NA%


other: NA%
Elevation extremes lowest point:
unnamed location 19 m

highest point:
unnamed location 75 m		 lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Murray Hill 361 m
Environment - current issues NA NA
Environment - international agreements party to:
none of the selected agreements

signed, but not ratified:
Air Pollution, Environmental Modification		 -
Ethnic groups Italians, Swiss, other Chinese 70%, European 20%, Malay 10%


note: no indigenous population (2001)
Exchange rates euros per US dollar - 1.0659 (January 2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); Vatican lire per US dollar - 2,099 (2000), 1817.2 (1999), 1,736.2 (1998), 1,703.1 (1997), 1,542.9 (1996); note - the Vatican lira is at par with the Italian lira; the Vatican will start using euros in 2002 in conjunction with Italy at a fixed rate of 1,936.17 lire per euro Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.9354 (January 2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997)
Executive branch chief of state:
Pope JOHN PAUL II (since 16 October 1978)

head of government:
Secretary of State Cardinal Angelo SODANO (since 2 December 1990)

cabinet:
Pontifical Commission appointed by the pope

elections:
pope elected for life by the College of Cardinals; election last held 16 October 1978 (next to be held after the death of the current pope); secretary of state appointed by the pope

election results:
Karol WOJTYLA elected pope		 chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general


head of government: Administrator William Leonard TAYLOR (since 4 February 1999)


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia
Exports - $NA
Exports - commodities - phosphate
Exports - partners - Australia, NZ
Fiscal year calendar year 1 July - 30 June
Flag description two vertical bands of yellow (hoist side) and white with the crossed keys of Saint Peter and the papal miter centered in the white band the flag of Australia is used; note - in early 1986, the Christmas Island Assembly held a design competition for an island flag, however, the winning design has never been formally adopted as the official flag of the territory
GDP - purchasing power parity - $NA
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $NA
GDP - real growth rate - NA%
Geographic coordinates 41 54 N, 12 27 E 10 30 S, 105 40 E
Geography - note urban; landlocked; enclave of Rome, Italy; world's smallest state; outside the Vatican City, 13 buildings in Rome and Castel Gandolfo (the pope's summer residence) enjoy extraterritorial rights located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean
Heliports 1 (2000 est.) -
Highways none; all city streets total: 140 km (not including 100 km that is maintained by private industry)


paved: 30 km


unpaved: 110 km (1999)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%		 lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by Italy $NA
Imports - commodities - consumer goods
Imports - partners - principally Australia
Independence 11 February 1929 (from Italy) none (territory of Australia)
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries printing and production of a small amount of mosaics and staff uniforms; worldwide banking and financial activities tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion)
Infant mortality rate - NA deaths/1,000 live births
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - NA%
International organization participation CE (observer), IAEA, ICFTU, Intelsat, IOM (observer), ITU, NAM (guest), OAS (observer), OPCW, OSCE, UN (observer), UNCTAD, UNHCR, UPU, WHO (observer), WIPO, WToO (observer), WTrO (observer) none
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 93 (Holy See and Italy) (2000) 2 (2000)
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1993) NA sq km
Judicial branch none; normally handled by Italy Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court
Labor force NA NA
Labor force - by occupation agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA%; note - dignitaries, priests, nuns, guards, and 3,000 lay workers live outside the Vatican tourism 400 people, mining 100 people (1995)
Land boundaries total:
3.2 km

border countries:
Italy 3.2 km		 0 km
Land use arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
100% (urban area)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100%


note: mainly tropical rainforest; 63% of the island is a national park (1998 est.)
Languages Italian, Latin, French, various other languages English (official), Chinese, Malay
Legal system NA under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law
Legislative branch unicameral Pontifical Commission unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve one-year terms)


elections: last held NA December 2001 (next to be held NA December 2002)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9
Life expectancy at birth - total population: NA years


male: NA years


female: NA years
Literacy definition:
NA

total population:
100%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%		 NA
Location Southern Europe, an enclave of Rome (Italy) Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia
Map references Europe Southeast Asia
Maritime claims none (landlocked) contiguous zone: 12 NM


exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine - none (2002 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Italy; Swiss Papal Guards are posted at entrances to the Vatican City to provide security and protect the Pope defense is the responsibility of Australia
National holiday Coronation Day of Pope JOHN PAUL II, 22 October (1978) NA
Nationality noun:
none

adjective:
none		 noun: Christmas Islander(s)


adjective: Christmas Island
Natural hazards NA the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard
Natural resources none phosphate, beaches
Net migration rate - NA migrant(s)/1,000 population
Political parties and leaders none none
Political pressure groups and leaders none (exclusive of influence exercised by church officers) none
Population 890 (July 2001 est.) 474 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 1.15% (2001 est.) -9% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors none Flying Fish Cove
Radio broadcast stations AM 3, FM 4, shortwave 2 (1998) AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios NA 1,000 (1997)
Railways total:
862 m; note - a spur of the Italian Railways system, serving Rome's Saint Peter's station

standard gauge:
862 m 1.435-m gauge (1999)		 24 km to serve phosphate mines
Religions Roman Catholic Buddhist 36%, Muslim 25%, Christian 18%, other 21% (1997)
Sex ratio - NA
Suffrage limited to cardinals less than 80 years old -
Telephone system general assessment:
automatic exchange

domestic:
tied into Italian system

international:
uses Italian system		 general assessment: service provided by the Australian network


domestic: only analog mobile telephone service is available


international: satellite earth stations - one Intelsat earth station provides telephone and telex service (2000)
Telephones - main lines in use NA NA
Telephones - mobile cellular NA NA
Television broadcast stations 1 (1996) NA
Terrain low hill steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau
Total fertility rate - NA children born/woman
Unemployment rate - NA%
Waterways none none
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